Primary carcinoid tumor of the middle ear: a potentially metastasizing tumor

Acta Oto-laryngologica
Alfio FerlitoAlessandra Rinaldo

Abstract

The concept of a carcinoid tumor in the gastrointestinal tract and lung is well established; less often, patients develop carcinoid tumors in the head and neck region. One particularly uncommon site of origin of carcinoid tumors in the head and neck area is the middle ear. Middle ear carcinoids have previously been approached as benign entities, lacking any capacity for metastasizing. A critical review of the literature, however, disclosed a small number of cases in which middle ear carcinoid tumors have given rise to regional (cervical node) metastases. This in turn suggests that, as is the case with pulmonary carcinoid tumors, middle ear carcinoids should be thought of as low-grade malignancies which, while relatively slow-growing, nevertheless possess a limited capacity for spreading to regional lymph nodes. To date, distant metastases have not been associated with middle ear carcinoid tumors.

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Citations

Jul 29, 2009·HNO·E RiehC Offergeld
Aug 25, 2011·European Archives of Oto-rhino-laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery·M DuderstadtH Ostertag
Aug 30, 2008·American Journal of Otolaryngology·Murat SahanKadir Cağdaş Kazikdasş
Mar 11, 2008·Auris, Nasus, Larynx·Eri MoriHiroshi Moriyama
Apr 18, 2009·The Laryngoscope·Richard K GurgelMarlan R Hansen
Jul 11, 2012·The Laryngoscope·Christopher E FundakowskiGiovanna Thomas
Jan 1, 2008·Hematology/oncology and Stem Cell Therapy·Ayman GaafarFrancisco José Bilbao
May 17, 2014·Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology·Yee Hyuk KimDa Jung Jung
May 23, 2007·Clinical Nuclear Medicine·Raúl Martínez-LázaroMaribel Blázquez Morote
Jun 25, 2020·Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal·Katarína FedorováPavel Komínek
Feb 13, 2013·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Giorgio TregliaMarialuisa Appetecchia

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