Primary hypertension is a disease of premature vascular aging associated with neuro-immuno-metabolic abnormalities

Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association
Mieczysław LitwinJacek Michałkiewicz

Abstract

There is an increasing amount of data indicating that primary hypertension (PH) is not only a hemodynamic phenomenon but also a complex syndrome involving abnormal fat tissue distribution, over-activity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), metabolic abnormalities, and activation of the immune system. In children, PH usually presents with a typical phenotype of disturbed body composition, accelerated biological maturity, and subtle immunological and metabolic abnormalities. This stage of the disease is potentially reversible. However, long-lasting over-activity of the SNS and immuno-metabolic alterations usually lead to an irreversible stage of cardiovascular disease. We describe an intermediate phenotype of children with PH, showing that PH is associated with accelerated development, i.e., early premature aging of the immune, metabolic, and vascular systems. The associations and determinants of hypertensive organ damage, the principles of treatment, and the possibility of rejuvenation of the cardiovascular system are discussed.

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Citations

Jul 19, 2017·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Mieczysław Litwin
Sep 29, 2020·Hypertension·Mieczysław Litwin, Janusz Feber
Apr 1, 2016·Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology·Koen G Lapage, Patrick F Wouters
May 11, 2020·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Mieczysław Litwin, Zbigniew Kułaga
Mar 31, 2019·Journal of Human Hypertension·Joanna B TrojanekMieczysław Litwin
Jan 12, 2021·Hypertension·Mehmet KanbayAlberto Ortiz
Feb 20, 2021·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Piotr SkrzypczykMałgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
Jun 3, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Michał SzyszkaMałgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska
Aug 28, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Piotr SkrzypczykMałgorzata Pańczyk-Tomaszewska

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