Principles for scaling of distributed direct potable water reuse systems: a modeling study

Water Research
Tianjiao Guo, James D Englehardt

Abstract

Scaling of direct potable water reuse (DPR) systems involves tradeoffs of treatment facility economy-of-scale, versus cost and energy of conveyance including energy for upgradient distribution of treated water, and retention of wastewater thermal energy. In this study, a generalized model of the cost of DPR as a function of treatment plant scale, assuming futuristic, optimized conveyance networks, was constructed for purposes of developing design principles. Fractal landscapes representing flat, hilly, and mountainous topographies were simulated, with urban, suburban, and rural housing distributions placed by modified preferential growth algorithm. Treatment plants were allocated by agglomerative hierarchical clustering, networked to buildings by minimum spanning tree. Simulations assume advanced oxidation-based DPR system design, with 20-year design life and capability to mineralize chemical oxygen demand below normal detection limits, allowing implementation in regions where disposal of concentrate containing hormones and antiscalants is not practical. Results indicate that total DPR capital and O&M costs in rural areas, where systems that return nutrients to the land may be more appropriate, are high. However, costs in urban...Continue Reading

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Jan 30, 2014·Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research·Tianjiao GuoTingting Wu
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Citations

Jun 14, 2016·Water Research·Sven EggimannMax Maurer
Jan 27, 2017·Environmental Science & Technology·Sven EggimannMax Maurer
Jun 14, 2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Rabia M ChaudhryKara L Nelson
Mar 3, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Daisuke Minakata, Erica Coscarelli
Nov 24, 2017·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Tingting WuAaron Dotson
Oct 2, 2020·Water Resources Research·Robert SitzenfreiDragan Savić

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