Probing Axionlike Particles and the Axiverse with Superconducting Radio-Frequency Cavities

Physical Review Letters
Zachary BogoradYotam Soreq

Abstract

Axionlike particles (ALPs) with couplings to electromagnetism have long been postulated as extensions to the standard model. String theory predicts an "axiverse" of many light axions, some of which may make up the dark matter in the Universe and/or solve the strong CP problem. We propose a new experiment using superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities which is sensitive to light ALPs independent of their contribution to the cosmic dark matter density. Off-shell ALPs will source cubic nonlinearities in Maxwell's equations, such that if a SRF cavity is pumped at frequencies ω_{1} and ω_{2}, in the presence of ALPs there will be power in modes with frequencies 2ω_{1}±ω_{2}. Our setup is similar in spirit to light-shining-through-walls experiments, but because the pump field itself effectively converts the ALP back to photons inside a single cavity, our sensitivity scales differently with the strength of the external fields, allowing for superior reach as compared to experiments like OSQAR while utilizing current technology. Furthermore, a well-defined program of increasing sensitivity has a guaranteed physics result: the first observation of the Euler-Heisenberg term of low-energy QED at energies below the electron mass. We d...Continue Reading

References

Sep 16, 1996·Physical Review Letters·J A GrifolsR Toldrà
Apr 22, 2014·Physical Review Letters·P SikivieD B Tanner
Dec 10, 2015·Physical Review Letters·Peter W GrahamSurjeet Rajendran
Oct 16, 2016·Physical Review Letters·Yonatan KahnJesse Thaler
May 15, 2018·Physical Review Letters·N DuUNKNOWN ADMX Collaboration
Jan 5, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Anson HookZhiquan Sun
Apr 13, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Jonathan L OuelletLindley Winslow

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Citations

Sep 7, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Christopher DessertBenjamin R Safdi
Jan 30, 2021·Physical Review Letters·Malte BuschmannBenjamin R Safdi

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