PMID: 28499100May 13, 2017Paper

Probing for Neuroadaptations to Unpredictable Stressors in Addiction: Translational Methods and Emerging Evidence

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs
Jesse T KayeJohn J Curtin

Abstract

Stressors clearly contribute to addiction etiology and relapse in humans, but our understanding of specific mechanisms remains limited. Rodent models of addiction offer the power, flexibility, and precision necessary to delineate the causal role and specific mechanisms through which stressors influence alcohol and other drug use. This review describes a program of research using startle potentiation to unpredictable stressors that is well positioned to translate between animal models and clinical research with humans on stress neuroadaptations in addiction. This research rests on a solid foundation provided by three separate pillars of evidence from (a) rodent behavioral neuroscience on stress neuroadaptations in addiction, (b) rodent affective neuroscience on startle potentiation, and (c) human addiction and affective science with startle potentiation. Rodent stress neuroadaptation models implicate adaptations in corticotropin-releasing factor and norepinephrine circuits within the central extended amygdala following chronic alcohol and other drug use that mediate anxious behaviors and stress-induced reinstatement among drug-dependent rodents. Basic affective neuroscience indicates that these same neural mechanisms are involve...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 7, 2017·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Daniel E BradfordJohn J Curtin
Feb 11, 2020·Annual Review of Clinical Psychology·Gaylen E FronkJohn J Curtin
Nov 14, 2018·Scientific Reports·Juyoen HurAlexander J Shackman
Jun 15, 2019·Psychopharmacology·Jesse T KayeJohn J Curtin
Dec 7, 2018·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Stephanie C ReedSuzette M Evans

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