Probing the mechanism of action of Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins by site-directed mutagenesis--a minireview

Gene
D H DeanS R Hussain

Abstract

The current model of the mechanism of action of several Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal proteins (Cry) is reviewed and tested by site-directed mutagenesis experiments. Amino acid (aa) residues were substituted in each of the three domains of Cry toxins and the effects on toxin stability, binding to receptors, irreversible insertion into the membrane, and ion channel activity were examined. Mutant proteins with aa altered on the putative membrane-proximal surface of domain I are affected in insertion into the membrane and toxicity, but not in binding to the receptor. Alterations in the putative receptor-binding loops of domain II show an effect on the initial (reversible) binding to the receptor when certain aa are altered, while affecting irreversible binding when other aa are altered. Mutant proteins with aa altered in a conserved track of aa of domain III have altered ion channel properties, as measured by the voltage clamping of insect midguts and the K+ permeability of brush border membrane vesicles. In summary, domain I is involved in insertion into the membrane and affects ion channel function, domain II is involved in receptor binding and insertion into the membrane, and domain III is involved ion channel fun...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1992·Annual Review of Entomology·S S GillP V Pietrantonio
Jun 1, 1989·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A Z GeD H Dean
Jun 1, 1989·Microbiological Reviews·H Höfte, H R Whiteley
Sep 1, 1980·Analytical Biochemistry·P J Munson, D Rodbard
Nov 2, 1995·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·M K LeeD H Dean
Dec 1, 1995·Journal of Molecular Biology·P GrochulskiM Cygler
Apr 15, 1994·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·C J BelfioreL A Bulla
Oct 1, 1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·X J ChenD H Dean

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Feb 15, 2003·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Manuel Porcar, Victor Juárez-Pérez
Mar 11, 2008·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Frédéric GirardRaynald Laprade
Nov 18, 2008·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Frédéric GirardRaynald Laprade
Jan 3, 2001·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·J L Jurat-Fuentes, M J Adang
Sep 6, 2003·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Mohd Amir F AbdullahDonald H Dean
Jun 9, 2004·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Mohd Amir F Abdullah, Donald H Dean
May 1, 2004·Critical Reviews in Microbiology·Abanti ChattopadhyayRakesh Bhatnagar
Oct 24, 2014·Toxins·Benjamin R DeistBryony C Bonning
May 24, 2012·Journal of Invertebrate Pathology·Vincent VachonJean-Louis Schwartz
Aug 14, 2012·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Inmaculada García-RoblesCarolina Rausell
Dec 25, 2015·Advances in Biological Chemistry·Manoj S Nair, Donald H Dean
Aug 3, 2016·Journal of Invertebrate Pathology·Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes, Neil Crickmore
Sep 15, 2004·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Alexander B MedvinskyHorst Malchow
Nov 25, 2004·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·Michael W Parker, Susanne C Feil
May 1, 2012·Environmental Biosafety Research·UNKNOWN Center for Environmental Risk Assessment, ILSI Research Foundation
Apr 5, 2003·Archives of Microbiology·Ruud A de MaagdSamir Naimov
Aug 4, 1998·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·L M KasmanM J Adang
Aug 5, 2019·Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology·Gretel Mendoza-AlmanzaJorge Olmos

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.