Prognostic and Predictive Value of RAS Gene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer: Moving Beyond KRAS Exon 2

Drugs
Nele BoeckxVanessa Deschoolmeester

Abstract

The advent of anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) therapy resulted in significant progress in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer patients. However, many patients do not respond to this therapy or develop acquired resistance within a few months after the start of treatment. Since 2008, anti-EGFR therapy is restricted to KRAS wild-type patients as it has been shown that KRAS exon 2-mutated patients do not respond to this therapy. Still, up to 60 % of KRAS exon 2 wild-type patients show primary resistance to this treatment. Recently, several studies investigating the predictive and prognostic role of RAS mutations other than in KRAS exon 2 demonstrated that patients with these mutations are not responding to therapy. However, the role of these mutations has long been questioned as The National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines in Oncology and the European Medicines Agency indications had already been changed in order to restrict anti-EGFR therapy to all RAS wild-type colorectal cancer patients, while the Food and Drug Administration guidelines remained unchanged. Recently, the Food and Drug Administration guidelines have also been changed, which implies the importance of RAS mutations beyond KRAS exon 2 i...Continue Reading

References

Feb 29, 2000·Cell·A Di Cristofano, P P Pandolfi
Oct 13, 2001·European Journal of Cancer : Official Journal for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) [and] European Association for Cancer Research (EACR)·Y Yarden
Sep 19, 2002·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Sílvia GuerreroRamon Mangues
Dec 6, 2002·The American Journal of Pathology·Mythily SrinivasanScott Jewell
Jul 15, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Devin DressmanBert Vogelstein
Jan 28, 2004·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·Thomas Holbro, Nancy E Hynes
Feb 5, 2004·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Fortunato CiardielloGiampaolo Tortora
Mar 3, 2004·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Leonard B SaltzRobert J Mayer
Jul 23, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·David CunninghamEric Van Cutsem
Apr 19, 2006·Cancer Research·Astrid LièvrePierre Laurent-Puig
May 2, 2007·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Eric Van CutsemRafael G Amado
Nov 14, 2007·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·W De RoockS Tejpar
Nov 16, 2007·The New England Journal of Medicine·Derek J JonkerMalcolm J Moore
Jan 19, 2008·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Astrid LièvrePierre Laurent-Puig
Mar 5, 2008·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Rafael G AmadoDavid D Chang
Apr 9, 2008·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Alberto F SobreroHoward A Burris
Aug 2, 2008·Nature Medicine·Frank DiehlLuis A Diaz
Sep 20, 2008·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·J H J M van KriekenA Ensari
Oct 24, 2008·The New England Journal of Medicine·Christos S KarapetisJohn R Zalcberg
Apr 3, 2009·The New England Journal of Medicine·Eric Van CutsemPhilippe Rougier
Jun 25, 2009·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Li-Chen YenJaw-Yuan Wang
Nov 4, 2009·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Susan D RichmanPhilip Quirke
Nov 4, 2009·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Pierre Laurent-PuigFrédérique Penault-Llorca
Dec 17, 2009·Annals of Surgery·Benoit LefebureThierry Frebourg
Jun 15, 2010·European Journal of Surgical Oncology : the Journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology·H ChenL M Liu
Jun 30, 2010·The Oncologist·Vanessa DeschoolmeesterJan B Vermorken
Oct 6, 2010·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Marc PeetersJennifer Gansert
Oct 28, 2010·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Wendy De RoockSabine Tejpar
Jan 14, 2011·Annals of Oncology : Official Journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology·C BokemeyerP Koralewski
Apr 20, 2011·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Eric Van CutsemFortunato Ciardiello
Jun 3, 2011·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Francesca MolinariMilo Frattini
Jul 23, 2011·Genes & Cancer·David MatallanasWalter Kolch
Jul 23, 2011·Genes & Cancer·Thomas GrewalCarlos Enrich
Sep 20, 2011·Clinical Colorectal Cancer·Marc PeetersJean-Yves Douillard

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jun 20, 2017·Molecular and Cellular Probes·Wendy Pérez-BáezLucía Taja-Chayeb
Jun 9, 2016·Oncotarget·Anna V KudryavtsevaGeorge S Krasnov
Sep 25, 2019·Scientific Reports·Wellington Dos SantosDenise Peixoto Guimarães

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.