Prognostic MRI biomarkers of treatment efficacy for retinopathy

NMR in Biomedicine
Bruce A Berkowitz, Robin Roberts

Abstract

There is a pressing need for retina-specific imaging biomarkers that robustly measure early (subclinical) changes in physiology, are linked to the histopathology responsible for vision loss, and, importantly, predict treatment efficacy. This review focuses on the following four MRI markers that we have developed and applied in preclinical and clinical settings: preretinal vitreous oxygen level (a steady-state biomarker of inner retinal oxygen tension); leakage of contrast agent into the vitreous (a steady-state biomarker of blood-retinal barrier permeability surface area product); change in preretinal vitreous oxygen tension during a hyperoxic provocation (a functional biomarker of vascular autoregulation); and retinal uptake of systemically administered manganese during a visual task (a functional biomarker of intraretinal ion regulation). We conclude that functional biomarkers are most promising for prognostic evaluation of treatment efficacy earlier in the course of retinopathy than is currently possible.

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Citations

Jan 8, 2011·Journal of Integrative Neuroscience·Kevin C ChanEd X Wu
Oct 1, 2011·Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research·Michal FiedorowiczPawel Grieb
Feb 18, 2014·Survey of Ophthalmology·J Emanuel Ramos de CarvalhoReinier O Schlingemann
Sep 8, 2015·Progress in Retinal and Eye Research·Bruce A BerkowitzRobin Roberts
Jun 22, 2013·Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics·Bruce A BerkowitzRobin Roberts
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Oct 30, 2014·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Bruce A BerkowitzRobin Roberts

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