Programmed Death Ligand-1 on Microglia Regulates Th1 Differentiation via Nitric Oxide in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Neuroscience Bulletin
Jingxia HuHua Tang

Abstract

Microglia are considered to be potential antigen-presenting cells and have the ability to present antigen under pathological conditions. Nevertheless, whether and how microglia are involved in immune regulation are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the suppressive activity of microglia during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, with the goal of understanding their role in regulating the T cell reaction. Using flow cytometric analysis, we found that microglia were characterized by increased cell number and up-regulated programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) at the peak phase of EAE. Meanwhile, both the CD4(+) T cells and microglia that infiltrated the central nervous system expressed higher levels of PD1, the receptor for PD-L1, accompanied by a decline of Th1 cells. In an ex vivo co-culture system, microglia from EAE mice inhibited the proliferation of antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells and the differentiation of Th1 cells, and this was significantly inhibited by PD-L1 blockade. Further, microglia suppressed Th1 cells via nitric oxide (NO), the production of which was dependent on PD-L1. Thus, these data suggest a scenario in which microglia are involved in the regulation...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 11, 2016·Mediators of Inflammation·José de Jesús Guerrero-GarcíaDaniel Ortuño-Sahagún
Mar 31, 2018·Immunity, Inflammation and Disease·Sujata PrasadJames R Lokensgard
May 17, 2019·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Rashmi Das, Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
Oct 31, 2019·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Hilary A SeifertHalina Offner
Nov 1, 2017·Frontiers in Immunology·Sofia Fernanda Gonçalves Zorzella-PezaventoAlexandrina Sartori
Apr 17, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Priyanka Chauhan, James R Lokensgard
Mar 24, 2020·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Yoshimitsu KiriyamaHiromi Nochi
Apr 21, 2021·Neuroscience Bulletin·Junli ZhaoRu-Rong Ji

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