Progressive resistance exercise improves glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy
Casey Irvine, Nicholas F Taylor

Abstract

Is progressive resistance exercise a safe and effective form of exercise to improve glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes? Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. People with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Progressive resistance exercise. The primary outcome was glycaemic control measured as percentage glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes were body composition (lean body and fat free mass in kg), and muscle strength (% change in 1RM, dynamometry, change in maximum weight lifted). The search yielded nine relevant trials that evaluated 372 people with type 2 diabetes. Compared to not exercising, progressive resistance exercise led to small and statistically significant absolute reductions in HbA1c of 0.3% (SMD -0.25, 95% CI -0.47 to -0.03). When compared to aerobic exercise there were no significant differences in HbA1c. Progressive resistance exercise resulted in large improvements in strength when compared to aerobic (SMD 1.44, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.05) or no exercise (SMD 0.95, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.31). There were no significant changes in body composition. Progressive resistance exercise increases strength and leads to small reductions in glycosylated haemoglobin that are likely to b...Continue Reading

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