Prolonged but not short-duration blast waves elicit acute inflammation in a rodent model of primary blast limb trauma

Injury
Theofano EftaxiopoulouSara M Rankin

Abstract

Blast injuries from conventional and improvised explosive devices account for 75% of injuries from current conflicts; over 70% of injuries involve the limbs. Variable duration and magnitude of blast wave loading occurs in real-life explosions and is hypothesised to cause different injuries. While a number of in vivo models report the inflammatory response to blast injuries, the extent of this response has not been investigated with respect to the duration of the primary blast wave. The relevance is that explosions in open air are of short duration compared to those in confined spaces. Hindlimbs of adult Sprauge-Dawley rats were subjected to focal isolated primary blast waves of varying overpressure (1.8-3.65kPa) and duration (3.0-11.5ms), utilising a shock tube and purpose-built experimental rig. Rats were monitored during and after the blast. At 6 and 24h after exposure, blood, lungs, liver and muscle tissues were collected and prepared for histology and flow cytometry. At 6h, increases in circulating neutrophils and CD43Lo/His48Hi monocytes were observed in rats subjected to longer-duration blast waves. This was accompanied by increases in circulating pro-inflammatory chemo/cytokines KC and IL-6. No changes were observed with...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 19, 2016·Injury·Richard J Guy, Paul E Watkins
Jun 17, 2016·The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·Ashton Barnett-VanesSara M Rankin
Nov 12, 2017·Acta Neuropathologica Communications·Miguel A Gama SosaGregory A Elder
Mar 23, 2019·Military Medicine·Zhangsheng YangLeopoldo C Cancio
Nov 20, 2018·The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology·Maliha Khara, Jayantha C Herath
May 26, 2018·Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps·Thuy-Tien NguyenS D Masouros
Mar 7, 2020·Physical Biology·David R SorySara M Rankin

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