Protective effect of a synthetic anti-oxidant on neuronal cell apoptosis resulting from experimental hypoxia re-oxygenation injury

Journal of Neurochemistry
Ben S RaynerPaul K Witting

Abstract

Oxidative stress is associated with the pathology of acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease. Cultured neuronal cells exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) injury, as a model for stroke, yield a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as measured with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in combination with spin trapping. Added superoxide dismutase inhibited spin-adduct formation verifying that superoxide radical anion was formed in neuronal cells following H/R injury. The intracellular ADP/ATP ratio increased rapidly over the first 5 h following injury and this was due primarily to the decreased cellular pools of ATP, consistent with the notion that H/R promotes mitochondrial dysfunction leading to decreased ATP reserve and increased ROS formation. As an early response to the enhanced oxidative stress, genes encoding for hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1-alpha), inducible haemoxygenase-1 (HO-1), and the oxygen-sensor neuroglobin increased significantly. Up-regulation of the HO-1 gene was paralleled by increased HO protein expression and activity. Despite this cellular response, apoptosis increased significantly following H/R injury indicating that the endogenous anti-oxidant defenses were unable to prote...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 4, 2013·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Xiaoping CaiPaul K Witting
Jan 26, 2011·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Xiao-Qing TangBi Hu
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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis