Protective Effect of Melatonin against Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Enhanced Autophagy in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Chih-Chao ChangShih-Min Hsia

Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affects the retinal macula and results in loss of vision, and AMD is the primary cause of blindness and severe visual impairment among elderly people worldwide. AMD is characterized by the accumulation of drusen in the Bruch's membrane and dysfunction of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and photoreceptors. The pathogenesis of AMD remains unclear, and no effective treatment exists. Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a critical role in RPE cell degeneration and AMD. Melatonin is an antioxidant that scavenges free radicals, and it has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiangiogenic effects. This study investigated the antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and autophagic effects of melatonin on oxidative damage to RPE cells. We used hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to stimulate reactive oxygen species production to cause cell apoptosis in ARPE-19 cell lines. Our findings revealed that treatment with melatonin significantly inhibited H2O2-induced RPE cell damage, decreased the apoptotic rate, increased the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased the autophagy effect. Furthermore, melatonin reduced the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and the expression levels of the apoptosis-associated ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 13, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mohammad Mirza-Aghazadeh-AttariBahman Yousefi
Mar 7, 2020·Journal of Pineal Research·Hernán H DiéguezDamián Dorfman
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Aug 25, 2020·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Zi-Yuan ZhangGuang-Yu Li
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Jan 18, 2022·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Ningzhi ZhangNing Yang

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Assay
MDA
flow cytometry
immunoprecipitation assay

Software Mentioned

MitoView
GraphPad Prism
CellQuest

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