Protective effects of niacinamide in staphylococcal enterotoxin-B-induced toxicity

Toxicology
R D LeClaireR E Hunt

Abstract

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SE) interact with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II cell-surface receptors, eliciting signal transduction in antigen-presenting cells (APC). Subsequent toxin-class II complex interaction with specific T-cell receptors induces T-cell activation. We investigated the effect of niacinamide and interleukin (IL)-10 on SEB-induced responses. In a macrophage cell line, niacinamide (ED50--2mM) and IL-10 (ED50--7U/ml) inhibited interferon (IFN)-gamma-induced MHC class II expression in a dose-dependent manner. Also, niacinamide was a potent inhibitor of T-cell proliferation induced by SEB (ED50-- 1 mM) while IL-10 has minimal effects. In mice, the temporal responses of IL-1alpha, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma evoked by SEB were synergistically potentiated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Lethality occurred only when SEB was potentiated by LPS. Niacinamide or IL-10 improved survival of mice after lethal SEB challenge. Niacinamide reduced cytokine serum levels, although the pattern differed from that of IL-10. Niacinamide primarily reduced IL-2 and IFN-gamma, while IL-10 predominantly reduced IL-1alpha and TNF-alpha. The immunomodulatory effects of niacinamide observed on SEB-i...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 16, 2002·Infection and Immunity·Martha L HaleBradley G Stiles
Apr 2, 2005·Nature Reviews. Drug Discovery·James C BurnettSina Bavari
Dec 2, 1999·Immunologic Research·T Krakauer
Feb 5, 2003·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Michael F Murray
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Apr 25, 2003·Intensive Care Medicine·Csaba Szabó
Mar 7, 2006·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Jameel Iqbal, Mone Zaidi
Oct 7, 2019·Metabolomics : Official Journal of the Metabolomic Society·Seon Beom SongEun Seong Hwang
Feb 11, 2021·Microorganisms·Bonggoo Park, George Y Liu
Jul 3, 1999·Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology·T Krakauer, B G Stiles

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