Protective properties of lysozyme on β-amyloid pathology: implications for Alzheimer disease

Neurobiology of Disease
Linda HelmforsKatarina Kågedal

Abstract

The hallmarks of Alzheimer disease are amyloid-β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles accompanied by signs of neuroinflammation. Lysozyme is a major player in the innate immune system and has recently been shown to prevent the aggregation of amyloid-β1-40 in vitro. In this study we found that patients with Alzheimer disease have increased lysozyme levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and lysozyme co-localized with amyloid-β in plaques. In Drosophila neuronal co-expression of lysozyme and amyloid-β1-42 reduced the formation of soluble and insoluble amyloid-β species, prolonged survival and improved the activity of amyloid-β1-42 transgenic flies. This suggests that lysozyme levels rise in Alzheimer disease as a compensatory response to amyloid-β increases and aggregation. In support of this, in vitro aggregation assays revealed that lysozyme associates with amyloid-β1-42 and alters its aggregation pathway to counteract the formation of toxic amyloid-β species. Overall, these studies establish a protective role for lysozyme against amyloid-β associated toxicities and identify increased lysozyme in patients with Alzheimer disease. Therefore, lysozyme has potential as a new biomarker as well as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease.

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Citations

Jan 12, 2017·Scientific Reports·Else EisingArn M J M van den Maagdenberg
Sep 16, 2019·Alzheimer's Research & Therapy·Simon SjödinAnn Brinkmalm
Aug 24, 2019·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Ningxin GaoYuxin Ma
Dec 7, 2019·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Anurag Kumar SinghSantosh Kumar Singh
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Apr 11, 2018·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Xi LiYan Sun
Nov 9, 2018·Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids·Xi LiYan Sun

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