Protective Role of Carbonic Anhydrases III and VII in Cellular Defense Mechanisms upon Redox Unbalance

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Anna Di FioreSimona M Monti

Abstract

Under oxidative stress conditions, several constitutive cellular defense systems are activated, which involve both enzymatic systems and molecules with antioxidant properties such as glutathione and vitamins. In addition, proteins containing reactive sulfhydryl groups may eventually undergo reversible redox modifications whose products act as protective shields able to avoid further permanent molecular oxidative damage either in stressful conditions or under pathological circumstances. After the recovery of normal redox conditions, the reduced state of protein sulfhydryl groups is restored. In this context, carbonic anhydrases (CAs) III and VII, which are human metalloenzymes catalyzing the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and proton, have been identified to play an antioxidant role in cells where oxidative damage occurs. Both proteins are mainly localized in tissues characterized by a high rate of oxygen consumption, and contain on their molecular surface two reactive cysteine residues eventually undergoing S-glutathionylation. Here, we will provide an overview on the molecular and functional features of these proteins highlighting their implications into molecular processes occurring during oxidative stre...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 12, 2020·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Kritika Karri, David J Waxman
Apr 28, 2020·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Niccolò ChiaramonteMaria Novella Romanelli
Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry·Anna Di FioreGiuseppina De Simone
Jun 21, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Shan-Han HuangChun-Wei Tung
Jul 31, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Rosa Angela CardoneStephan Joel Reshkin
May 24, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Maria Giulia LionettoMaria Elena Giordano
Jan 29, 2020·Cell Biochemistry and Function·Ivo Vieira de Sousa NetoJoão Luiz Quaglioti Durigan

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