Protein-bound water as the determinant of asymmetric functional conversion between light-driven proton and chloride pumps

Biochemistry
Kosuke MurodaHideki Kandori

Abstract

Bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and halorhodopsin (HR) are light-driven outward proton and inward chloride pumps, respectively. They have similar protein architecture, being composed of seven-transmembrane helices that bind an all-trans-retinal. BR can be converted into a chloride pump by a single amino acid replacement at position 85, suggesting that BR and HR share a common transport mechanism, and the ionic specificity is determined by the amino acid at that position. However, HR cannot be converted into a proton pump by the corresponding reverse mutation. Here we mutated 6 and 10 amino acids of HR into BR-like, whereas such multiple HR mutants never pump protons. Light-induced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that hydrogen bonds of the retinal Schiff base and water are both strong for BR and both weak for HR. Multiple HR mutants exhibit strong hydrogen bonds of the Schiff base, but the hydrogen bond of water is still weak. We concluded that the cause of nonfunctional conversion of HR is the lack of strongly hydrogen-bonded water, the functional determinant of the proton pump.

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Citations

Jun 20, 2013·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Rhitankar PalVictor S Batista
Apr 12, 2013·Nature Communications·Keiichi InoueHideki Kandori
Feb 12, 2014·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Shota ItoHideki Kandori
Apr 30, 2014·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Hikaru OnoHideki Kandori
Nov 2, 2014·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yifan Song, M R Gunner
Sep 15, 2012·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Hiroyasu ItoHideki Kandori
Oct 7, 2015·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Hideki Kandori
Sep 1, 2016·Journal of Synchrotron Radiation·Sayan GuptaCorie Y Ralston
Apr 6, 2017·Photochemistry and Photobiology·Shota ItoHideki Kandori
Nov 18, 2016·Nature Communications·Keiichi InoueHideki Kandori
Mar 2, 2016·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Keiichi InoueHideki Kandori
Nov 19, 2015·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Takatoshi HasemiMakoto Demura
Oct 5, 2017·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Yurika NomuraHideki Kandori
Oct 24, 2017·Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP·Andrew HarrisLeonid S Brown
Nov 1, 2020·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Keiichi Inoue
Mar 24, 2020·Chemical Reviews·Victor A Lorenz-Fonfria
Jun 1, 2018·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Bioenergetics·Sahoko TomidaHideki Kandori
Dec 25, 2013·Chemical Reviews·Oliver P ErnstHideki Kandori
Aug 29, 2014·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Keiichi InoueHideki Kandori
Jun 13, 2018·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Tomomi ShionoyaYasuhisa Mizutani
Jun 1, 2019·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·C PunwongT J Martínez
Dec 8, 2017·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B·Shota ItoHideki Kandori

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