Proteinuria precedes cerebral edema in stroke-prone rats: a magnetic resonance imaging study

Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
E L BlezerJ A Joles

Abstract

Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) subjected to high sodium intake develop severe hypertension, cerebral edema, and proteinuria, culminating in organ damage and early death. MRI, which can be applied serially, provides the unique opportunity to study temporal and quantitative relations between these changes and whether diminution of sodium intake can attenuate established cerebral edema. SHRSP were subjected to 1% NaCl in drinking water. Cerebral MRI, proteinuria and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured serially. After detection of cerebral edema (T2-weighted MRI), 6 rats were killed for histology, to confirm the diagnosis of cerebral edema. The others were followed up for 7 more days while salt loading was continued (n = 10, group 1) or after sodium intake was normalized (n = 7, group 2). SHRSP invariably developed cerebral edema in 30 days (range, 8 to 54 days). At this point neurological signs were absent in 16 of 23 rats. SBP rose until 1 week before detection of cerebral edema, and then stabilized at approximately 265 mm Hg. Proteinuria invariably preceded cerebral edema, with a concentration exceeding 40 mg/d predicting development of cerebral edema in 9 days (range, 3 to 15 days). There was linea...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 3, 2010·PloS One·Kristin SchmerbachChrista Thoene-Reineke
Feb 1, 2010·Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease·J A JolesS C Langley-Evans
Oct 11, 2013·Journal of Hypertension·Michael C BraunPeter A Doris
Sep 29, 2011·International Journal of Stroke : Official Journal of the International Stroke Society·Emma L BaileyJoanna M Wardlaw
Dec 3, 2009·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Erica C HenningMaria Spatz
Nov 28, 2009·Acupuncture in Medicine : Journal of the British Medical Acupuncture Society·Isao InoueMakoto Ishikawa
Aug 11, 2004·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Luigi SironiElena Tremoli

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