Protocatechuic Acid Ameliorated Palmitic-Acid-Induced Oxidative Damage in Endothelial Cells through Activating Endogenous Antioxidant Enzymes via an Adenosine-Monophosphate-Activated-Protein-Kinase-Dependent Pathway

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Lin HanMin Wang

Abstract

Protocatechuic acid (PCA, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid), the main metabolite of anthocyanins, is widely distributed in fruits and vegetables and has been reported to possess a strong antioxidant activity. Herein, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of PCA against high palmitic-acid (PA)-induced oxidative damage and the underling molecular mechanisms in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). PCA reduced the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde and increased the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase 1, and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Metabolomic analysis showed that PCA affected numerous metabolites, especially some of which were related with energy metabolism. PCA also upregulated the phosphorylation of adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) at Thr172 through activating liver kinase B1 and then promoted the expression of p-Nrf2 and HO-1. Moreover, PCA reversed the decreased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α and significantly increased the mitochondrial density. Collectively, these results demonstrated that PCA attenuated PA-induced oxidative damage in HUVECs via an A...Continue Reading

References

May 10, 2003·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Z Sroka, W Cisowski
Jul 1, 1956·Journal of Gerontology·D HARMAN
Oct 17, 2003·The Journal of Physiology·Julio F Turrens
May 26, 2005·Cardiovascular Research·Inmaculada ValleMaría Monsalve
Nov 7, 2007·Nucleic Acids Research·Eldon L UlrichJohn L Markley
May 17, 2008·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Peter Schönfeld, Lech Wojtczak
Apr 29, 2009·Hypertension·Francesco AddabboMichael S Goligorsky
Dec 17, 2010·Trends in Pharmacological Sciences·Tony Tiganis
Apr 5, 2011·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Chia-Yu LinMei-Chin Yin
Jun 2, 2011·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Koichi Sugamura, John F Keaney
Sep 23, 2011·European Journal of Pharmacology·Murugesan Saravanakumar, Boobalan Raja
Mar 20, 2012·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Boobalan RajaGopal Sathya
Apr 21, 2012·Science·Simon A HawleyD Grahame Hardie
Nov 20, 2013·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Rachel Blake, Ian A Trounce
Dec 21, 2013·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Juthika KunduKyung-Soo Chun
Feb 4, 2014·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Eun-Jung ParkMyung-Haing Cho
Jul 10, 2014·ISRN Pharmacology·Sahil Kakkar, Souravh Bais
Apr 7, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Kristin ZimmermannElke H Heiss
Jun 10, 2015·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·Peter CanningAlex N Bullock
Sep 1, 2015·Pharmacological Reports : PR·Adam SzewczykKrzysztof Zablocki
Oct 7, 2015·Advances in Pharmacological Sciences·Venkata SaibabuSaif Hameed
Feb 16, 2016·Chemical Reviews·Maan HayyanInas M AlNashef
Aug 16, 2016·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Si Qin, De-Xing Hou
Feb 25, 2017·Current Opinion in Cell Biology·David Carling
Jun 18, 2017·Molecular Cell·Daniel Garcia, Reuben J Shaw
Jun 26, 2017·Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism : TEM·Emily A DayGregory R Steinberg
Jun 28, 2017·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Kelin YangQingyan Jiang
Nov 16, 2017·Nucleic Acids Research·David S WishartAugustin Scalbert
Nov 21, 2017·Cell Metabolism·Sheng-Cai Lin, D Grahame Hardie
Nov 24, 2017·Physiological Reviews·Guy EelenPeter Carmeliet
Jan 16, 2018·Preventive Nutrition and Food Science·Jinwoo YangJunsoo Lee

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Sep 16, 2019·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Marta Gallardo-FernándezM Carmen García-Parrilla
Aug 2, 2020·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Jiao SongDingkun Zhang

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.