Abstract
If fulminate rejection in allogeneic and xenogeneic engraftments is not an evolutionary relict feature, then any treatment that ablates the host surveillance's effector arms capabilities and eliminates graft vs. host reactivity should induce donor chimerism in transplant settings. We demonstrate here marked proliferative response of Botryllus (Urochordata) blood cells months following their infusions (2x10(4)-10(5) blood cells per host) into the concordant xenogeneic environment of irradiated Botrylloides soma. The state of infused cells was followed by Botryllus specific microsatellite alleles on DNA samples from host zooids and vascular system. Increased growth rates and life spans of engrafted hosts in some cases, and sudden chimerical death following the outbreak of donor cells in others, indicate a 'double-edged sword' expression of concurrent evolutionary selected mechanisms. This DES phenomenon in immunity underlies divergent stem cell competition phenomena in multicellular organisms, leading in mammals, to cases of autoimmune diseases vis-à-vis long-lasting microchimerism events following an iatrogenic transplantation.
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Citations
Jul 1, 2005·Marine Biotechnology·Ziva Lapidot, Baruch Rinkevich
May 2, 2008·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Keren-Or AmarBaruch Rinkevich
Jun 18, 2010·Developmental Biology·Yuval RinkevichBuki Rinkevich
Jan 14, 2016·Scientific Reports·Baruch RinkevichRachel Ben-Shlomo
Jun 24, 2020·Journal of Molecular Evolution·Werner A Mueller, Baruch Rinkevich
Jul 20, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Loriano BallarinDamjana Drobne