Protons, the thylakoid membrane, and the chloroplast ATP synthase.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
W Junge

Abstract

According to the chemiosmotic theory, proton pumps and ATP synthases are coupled by lateral proton flow through aqueous phases. Three long-standing challenges to this concept, all of which have been loosely subsumed under 'localized coupling' in the literature, were examined in the light of experiments carried out with thylakoids: (1) Nearest neighbor interaction between pumps and ATP synthases. Considering the large distances between photosystem II and CFoCF1, in stacked thylakoids this is a priori absent. (2) Enhanced proton diffusion along the surface of the membrane. This could not be substantiated for the outer side of the thylakoid membrane. Even for the interface between pure lipid and water, two laboratories have reported the absence of enhanced diffusion. (3) Localized proton ducts in the membrane. Intramembrane domains that can transiently trap protons do exist in thylakoid membranes, but because of their limited storage capacity for protons, they probably do not matter for photophosphorylation under continuous light. Seemingly in favor of localized proton ducts is the failure of a supposedly permeant buffer to enhance the onset lag of photophosphorylation. However, it was found that failure of some buffers and the ab...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 26, 2001·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Vitali BorisenkoG Andrew Woolley
Apr 1, 1997·The Journal of General Physiology·T E DeCoursey, V V Cherny
Jun 1, 1997·The Journal of General Physiology·M KunoF Nakamura
May 29, 2003·The Journal of General Physiology·Vladimir V ChernyThomas E DeCoursey
Apr 11, 2006·Journal of Theoretical Biology·Yaroslav R Nartsissov, Elena V Mashkovtseva
Oct 10, 1997·FEBS Letters·S Engelbrecht, W Junge
Dec 20, 1996·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·H LillS Engelbrecht
Mar 29, 2003·Physiological Reviews·Thomas E Decoursey
Jan 23, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alexandra TothMartin Ott
Jul 1, 1997·Journal of Structural Biology·D NeffN A Dencher

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