Proximal hindlimb flexion in the horse: effect on movement symmetry and implications for defining soundness

Equine Veterinary Journal
Sandra D StarkeThilo Pfau

Abstract

Flexion tests are a common tool during the prepurchase and clinical lameness examination, yet studies quantifying the effect of flexion, apart from distal forelimb flexion in sound horses, are sparse. To investigate the effect of proximal hindlimb flexion on perceivable and measurable changes in movement symmetry in horses with objective movement symmetry falling within the margins of 'sound'. Thirteen horses, selected based on objective movement symmetry, were instrumented with inertial sensors on left and right tuber coxae and over the os sacrum. Vertical movement symmetry was quantified at trot before and after proximal hindlimb flexion, with a repeat of flexion after 5 min. Video recordings of the horses were assessed visually. Proximal hindlimb flexion introduced additive changes in movement symmetry to the individual baseline movement, with a tendency towards smaller effects with increasing stride number. The main systematic effect was a decrease in upward movement of the os sacrum following mid-stance of the flexed limb and an increase in upward movement following mid-stance of the nonflexed limb, also manifesting in a 'hip hike' of the flexed limb; these findings reflected increased movement asymmetry following flexion....Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1987·Equine Veterinary Journal·S DrevemoD McMiken
Jul 1, 1985·Physical Therapy·D E KrebsS Fishman
May 1, 1997·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·C UhlirD Girtler
Nov 22, 1997·The Veterinary Record·P R KegA Barneveld
Oct 16, 2001·Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine·E Busschers, P R van Weeren
Aug 7, 2002·Journal of Biomechanics·Fabrice AudigiéJean Marie Denoix
Jun 18, 2005·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Thilo PfauAlan M Wilson
Jul 10, 2007·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice·Kevin G Keegan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jul 15, 2015·Journal of Biomechanics·S D StarkeT Pfau
Oct 31, 2012·Equine Veterinary Journal·A R S Barr
Dec 1, 2013·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·S MaliyeJ F Marshall
Apr 25, 2013·The Veterinary Journal·Sandra D StarkeThilo Pfau
Jun 14, 2014·The Veterinary Journal·Sue Dyson
Feb 19, 2013·The Veterinary Journal·Thilo Pfau, Lars Roepstorff
Aug 21, 2013·Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering·Charlotte BrightonThilo Pfau

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.