Proximal humerus fractures

Clinical Anatomy : Official Journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists
Joaquin Sanchez-Sotelo

Abstract

Proximal humerus fractures are common injuries. Knowledge of local anatomy is paramount in the evaluation and treatment of these injuries. Information regarding humeral head vascularity, fracture patterns, bone quality, and overall geometry have direct implications for nonoperative treatment, internal fixation, and hemiarthroplasty. The ascending branch of the anterior circumflex artery perfuses most of the humeral head. When fractured, the greater tuberosity tends to displace posterosuperiorly, the lesser tuberosity and the shaft displace medially, and the head may be pulled by the attached tuberosity, impacted into valgus, or in more severe cases dislocated, impacted, or divided. Internal fixation of two-part, three-part, and selected four-part fractures may be compromised by local osteopenia; knowledge of the location of the strongest bone in the proximal humerus combined with the use of fixed-angle devices and occasionally bone graft or substitutes has improved the outcome of osteosynthesis. When the humeral head cannot be preserved, successful hemiarthroplasty requires tuberosity union and anatomic restoration of the overall geometry of the proximal humerus in terms of height, retroversion, and head-tuberosity relationships.

References

Mar 1, 1991·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·R P JakobR Ganz
Jul 1, 1991·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·S N RobertsD P Coughlan
Dec 1, 1993·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·K A Siebenrock, C Gerber
Jan 1, 1993·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·C H BrooksF W Heatley
Sep 1, 1996·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·J BernsteinJ P Iannotti
Jul 1, 1996·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·M L Pearl, A G Volk
Oct 23, 1997·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·P Boileau, G Walch
Jan 12, 1999·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·C GerberC Berberat
Nov 30, 2000·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·D D RobertsonK Yamaguchi
Mar 27, 2001·Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma·K ItoR Grass
Apr 18, 2001·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·G M KontakisP Prassopoulos
Aug 9, 2001·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·F DuparcP Fréger
Oct 20, 2001·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·A HempfingR Hertel
Aug 27, 2002·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·John ItamuraJames Tibone
Aug 27, 2002·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Charles S Neer
Oct 16, 2002·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·P HernigouA Hernigou
Oct 16, 2002·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Kazuya TamaiKoichi Saotome
Sep 5, 2003·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume·C Michael Robinson, Richard S Page
Nov 13, 2003·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·Pierre HeppGeorg N Duda
Jan 27, 2004·Calcified Tissue International·M J TingartM Apreleva
Mar 5, 2004·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·Mark A Frankle, Mark A Mighell
May 6, 2004·The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume·G EdelsonN D Reis
Jun 29, 2004·Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery·R HertelM Leunig
Oct 12, 2004·Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma·Kenneth A EgolKenneth J Koval

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 24, 2011·Der Unfallchirurg·M JaegerN P Südkamp
Jun 11, 2011·International Journal of Shoulder Surgery·Carolyn M HettrichDean G Lorich
Jan 8, 2008·Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma·James P LeverEmil H Schemitsch
Jul 25, 2009·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Florian BarvencikMichael Amling
Jun 20, 2018·Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society·Irene SintiniPeter J Laz

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica
Charles M Court-BrownM M McQueen
Osteoporosis International : a Journal Established As Result of Cooperation Between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA
Ralph Hertel
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
Adam M SmithRobert H Cofield
Journal of Orthopaedic Science : Official Journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association
Kenichi MiharaKen Yamaguchi
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved