Psychological and behavioural effects of endogenous testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids. An update

Sports Medicine
M S BahrkeJ E Wright

Abstract

Endogenous testosterone levels have been linked to aggressive behaviour in both animals and humans. Studies administering moderate doses of exogenous testosterone for contraceptive and clinical purposes reveal essentially no adverse effects on male sexual and aggressive behaviour. However, investigations and case reports of athletes, usually involving higher doses, demonstrate an association between anabolic-androgenic steroid use and affective and psychotic syndromes and psychological dependence. Efforts to study the psychological and behavioural effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids are complicated by a variety of methodological limitations. Only 3 prospective, blinded studies demonstrating aggression or adverse overt behaviour resulting from anabolic-androgenic steroid use have been reported. With estimates of over 1 million past or current users in the US, an extremely small percentage of individuals using anabolic-androgenic steroids appear to experience mental disturbances severe enough to result in clinical treatment and medical case reports. Even among those so affected, the roles of previous psychiatric history, genetic susceptibility to addictions or mental disorders, environmental and peer influences, and individua...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 17, 2004·Hormones and Behavior·Natalia N KudryavtsevaSergej Kucheryavy
Jan 1, 2013·Hormones and Behavior·Rebecca L CunninghamMarilyn Y McGinnis
Mar 26, 2003·European Journal of Pharmacology·Evelyne CélérierRafael Maldonado
Sep 25, 2003·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Ann S Clark, Leslie P Henderson
Feb 3, 1999·European Neuropsychopharmacology : the Journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology·O BingE Eriksson
Sep 1, 2004·Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine·B MadeaR Dettmeyer
Jun 30, 2006·Journal of Periodontology·Onur OzcelikGulsah Seydaoglu
Jun 28, 2000·Sports Medicine·M S BahrkeJ A Stephens
Jan 31, 2002·Sports Medicine·Miia Pärssinen, Timo Seppälä
Jul 14, 2004·Sports Medicine·Fred Hartgens, Harm Kuipers
Sep 6, 2011·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Seetal DoddMichael Berk
Apr 4, 2008·Asian Journal of Andrology·Karen ChoongShalender Bhasin
Apr 12, 2007·Der Internist·H Striegel, P Simon
Jan 6, 2010·The Physician and Sportsmedicine·Kirk J Brower
Sep 11, 2013·Psychosomatics·Justin M JohnsonTheodore A Stern
Sep 18, 2004·Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA·Peter J Ambrose
Apr 21, 2012·Trends in Neurosciences·Joseph G Oberlander, Leslie P Henderson
Oct 26, 2010·Progress in Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry·Natalia N KudryavtsevaNatalia P Bondar
Sep 23, 2009·Hormones and Behavior·Gen KanayamaHarrison G Pope
Mar 20, 2009·Physiology & Behavior·Dawei WangZhibin Zhang
Jul 4, 2006·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·Juan Carlos Rivera-ArceJuan Carlos Jorge
Jan 31, 2006·Neuropharmacology·Evelyne CélérierRafael Maldonado
Feb 10, 1998·Hormones and Behavior·M E Blasberg, A S Clark
Oct 17, 2012·Journal of Athletic Training·Robert D KerseyUNKNOWN National Athletic Trainers' Association
Feb 24, 2004·The American Journal of Sports Medicine·Nick A Evans
Nov 22, 2017·Transgender Health·Shazia Ahmad, Matthew Leinung
Nov 23, 2005·Behavioral Neuroscience·Juan Carlos JorgeCarmen S Maldonado-Vlaar
Mar 18, 2006·The Journal of Physiology·Brian L JonesLeslie P Henderson
May 18, 2019·British Journal of Sports Medicine·Claudia L ReardonLars Engebretsen
Dec 6, 2012·Southern Medical Journal·John P HigginsChristopher L Higgins

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.