Psychosocial stress causes endothelial injury in cynomolgus monkeys via beta1-adrenoceptor activation

Atherosclerosis
H B SkantzeG Bondjers

Abstract

Current evidence links psychosocial factors to exacerbation of diet-induced atherosclerosis in monkeys via activation of the sympathetic nervous system. However, it is uncertain whether these factors can potentiate initial lesion formation, and do so even in the absence of dietary provocation, and whether any such effects can be prevented by beta-adrenergic blockade. As endothelial injury has been considered an initiating event in atherogenesis, we studied the effect of psychosocial stress on endothelial integrity in 48 adult male cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). All animals were housed in 12 social groups of four monkeys each for 11 weeks. The monkeys in half of the groups were exposed to a socially unstable ('stressed') condition for 72 h and received saline (n = 8), a lipophilic beta1-blocker (metoprolol, 0.30 mg/kg per h; n = 8), or hydrophillic beta1-blocker (atenolol, 0.15 mg/kg per h; n = 8). The remaining six social groups were assigned to the socially stable (non-stressed) condition; for 72 h these animals all remained in their social groups and were similarly treated with saline (n = 8), metoprolol (n = 8), or atenolol (n = 8). The frequency of IgG-positive (injured) endothelial cells was estimated on en face...Continue Reading

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