Published estimates of group differences in multisensory integration are inflated

PloS One
John F Magnotti, Michael S Beauchamp

Abstract

A common measure of multisensory integration is the McGurk effect, an illusion in which incongruent auditory and visual speech are integrated to produce an entirely different percept. Published studies report that participants who differ in age, gender, culture, native language, or traits related to neurological or psychiatric disorders also differ in their susceptibility to the McGurk effect. These group-level differences are used as evidence for fundamental alterations in sensory processing between populations. Using empirical data and statistical simulations tested under a range of conditions, we show that published estimates of group differences in the McGurk effect are inflated when only statistically significant (p < 0.05) results are published. With a sample size typical of published studies, a group difference of 10% would be reported as 31%. As a consequence of this inflation, follow-up studies often fail to replicate published reports of large between-group differences. Inaccurate estimates of effect sizes and replication failures are especially problematic in studies of clinical populations involving expensive and time-consuming interventions, such as training paradigms to improve sensory processing. Reducing effect ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 2, 2019·Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation·Anahita BasiratYves Martin
Jul 2, 2020·American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities·Kacie DunhamTiffany G Woynaroski
Oct 23, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Guo FengJohn F Magnotti
Jan 3, 2020·The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·Xin ZhouColette M McKay
Jun 12, 2019·Royal Society Open Science·Stephen Politzer-Ahles, Lei Pan
Nov 23, 2020·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·John F MagnottiMichael S Beauchamp
Oct 27, 2021·Developmental Science·Erik VerhaarJanny C Stapel

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