Pulmonary edema and hemoptysis after breath-hold diving at residual volume

Journal of Applied Physiology
Peter LindholmMikael Gennser

Abstract

To simulate pressure effects and experience thoracic compression while breath-hold diving in a relatively safe environment, competitive breath-hold divers exhale to residual volume before diving in a swimming pool, thus compressing the chest even at depth of only 3-6 m. The study was undertaken to investigate whether such diving could cause pulmonary edema and hemoptysis. Eleven volunteer breath-hold divers who regularly dive on full exhalation performed repeated dives to 6 m during a 20-min period. The subjects were studied with dynamic spirometry, video-fibernasolaryngoscopy, and single-breath diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide (Dl(CO)). The duration of dives with empty lungs ranged from 30 to 120 s. Postdiving forced vital capacity (FVC) was reduced from mean (SD) 6.57 +/- 0.88 to 6.23 +/- 1.02 liters (P < 0.05), and forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV(1.0)) was reduced from 5.09 +/- 0.64 to 4.59 +/- 0.72 liters (P < 0.001) (n = 11). FEV(1.0)/FVC was 0.78 +/- 0.05 prediving and 0.74 +/- 0.05 postdiving (P < 0.001) (n = 11). All subjects reported a (reversible) change in their voice after diving, irritation, and slight congestion in the larynx. Fresh blood that originated from somewhere below the vocal co...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 9, 2009·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Claudio MarabottiRemo Bedini
Oct 20, 2011·Respirology : Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology·Leigh M SeccombeMatthew J Peters
Jun 11, 2011·Pulmonary Medicine·Melissa L BatesMarlowe W Eldridge
May 12, 2012·Sports Medicine·Zeljko Dujic, Toni Breskovic
Jul 20, 2010·The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences·Ming-Ju TsaiMing-Shyan Huang
Apr 23, 2009·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Peter LindholmMassimo Ferrigno
Aug 27, 2009·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Johan P A AnderssonHenrik Jönsson
May 4, 2011·Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports·A BoussugesF Joulia
May 19, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Andreas FahlmanDaniel Garcia-Parraga
Dec 3, 2016·European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society·Tanja Mijacika, Zeljko Dujic
Nov 1, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·Peter Lindholm, Claes E G Lundgren
Jul 2, 2011·Journal of Applied Physiology·Toni BreskovicZeljko Dujic
Jun 17, 2016·Journal of Applied Physiology·Glen E FosterClaus-Martin Muth
Sep 24, 2019·Frontiers in Physiology·Fran de Asís FernándezErika Schagatay
Nov 28, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·D R Pendergast, C E G Lundgren
May 10, 2008·Journal of Applied Physiology·Claudio MarabottiRemo Bedini
Mar 24, 2015·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Lars Eichhorn, Dieter Leyk
Feb 19, 2021·Journal of Applied Physiology·Alexander PatricianPhilip N Ainslie
Feb 10, 2021·Experimental Physiology·Alexander PatricianPhilip N Ainslie
Jun 8, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Alexander PatricianPhilip N Ainslie

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