Pulmonary toxicity in hamsters of smoke particles from Kuwaiti oil fires

Environmental Health Perspectives
J D BrainD W Dockery

Abstract

The Kuwaiti oil wells set on fire by retreating Iraqi troops at the end of the Persian Gulf War released complex particles, inorganic and organic gases, and hydrocarbons into the atmosphere, damaging the environment where many people live and work. In this study, we assessed the health effects of particles from the Kuwaiti oil fires by instilling hamsters intratracheally with particles (<3.5 microM in size) collected in Ahmadi, a residential area in Kuwait located downwind of hundreds of oil fires. Twenty-four hours after instillation, we performed bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to assess various indicators of pulmonary inflammation, including neutrophil and macrophage numbers; albumin, an index of air-blood barrier permeability; and activities of three enzymes: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; an indicator of cell injury), myeloperoxidase (MPO; which indicates activation of neutrophils), and ss-N-acetylglucosaminidase (GLN; which is indicative of damage to macrophages or neutrophils). We compared the response of hamsters instilled with particles from Ahmadi to animals instilled with urban particles collected in St. Louis, Missouri. We also compared the Ahmadi particles against a highly fibrogenic positive control ([alpha]-quartz) and...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 9, 2014·Cardiovascular Toxicology·R C Anakwue, A C Anakwue
Nov 6, 2002·Environmental Health Perspectives·Jeffrey L LangePeter S Thorne
Dec 13, 2005·American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology·Joseph D BrainRamon M Molina
Feb 13, 2007·Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health·Nermina A ArifhodzicJohn A Wise
Mar 18, 2017·Heart Failure Reviews·Antonella FiordelisiDaniela Sorriento
Jun 15, 2004·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Simon S WongMark L Witten
Jun 3, 2004·Circulation·Robert D BrookUNKNOWN Expert Panel on Population and Prevention Science of the American Heart Association
Jun 27, 2008·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Karuna SubramaniamMark Jung-Beeman

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