Pure, single phase, high crystalline, chamfered-edge zeolite 4A synthesized from coal fly ash for use as a builder in detergents

Journal of Hazardous Materials
K S Hui, C Y H Chao

Abstract

Single phase chamfered-edge zeolite 4A samples in pure form with a high crystallinity were synthesized by applying step-change of synthesis temperature during hydrothermal treatment of coal fly ash. The calcium binding capacity of these zeolite 4A samples (prepared from coal fly ash) and the commercial detergent grade zeolite 4A were tested for usage as a detergent builder. The results show that these zeolite 4A samples behaved similarly as the commercial one in removing calcium ions during the washing cycle. Moreover, from the leaching tests (evaluation of toxicological safety), the results show that these zeolite 4A samples leached the same elements (Sb, As, Se and Tl) as the commercial one with the concentrations in the same order of magnitude. This shows that the toxicological effect of the coal fly ash converted zeolite 4A was not worse than that of the commercial sample. Finally, economic and environmental aspects of converting coal fly ash to useful products were discussed.

References

Apr 1, 1983·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·C GloxhuberS Braig
Jul 17, 2001·Environmental Science & Technology·C L ChoiJ Choi
Feb 8, 2003·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Sandhya Babel, Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
Apr 1, 1995·Environmental Science & Technology·C F Lin, H C Hsi
Jul 1, 1995·Environmental Science & Technology·A Singer, V Berkgaut

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Citations

Sep 9, 2011·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Liying LiuYuchun Zhai
Sep 25, 2009·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Yelong ZhaoGuiling Ning
Jan 2, 2008·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Chun-Feng WangXiu-Yun Sun

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