Purification and characterization of multisquamase, the prothrombin activator present in Echis multisquamatus venom

Thrombosis Research
R J PetrovanG Tans

Abstract

The venom of Echis multisquamatus (Central Asian sand viper) contains a single prothrombin activator, designated multisquamase, which is structurally and functionally different from ecarin, the prothrombin activator from the venom of Echis carinatus (saw-scaled viper). Multisquamase is comprised of a 58000 Mr and a 23000 Mr subunit that consists of two disulfide-linked chains of 12000 Mr and 10000 Mr, respectively. In contrast to ecarin, which activates prothrombin and prethrombin 1 at comparable rates, and whose activity is hardly affected by Ca2+ or by changes in ionic strength, multisquamase hardly activates prethrombin 1; prothrombin activation requires Ca2+ and is strongly inhibited at high ionic strength. The most favourable kinetic parameters are observed at 1 mM Ca2+ and at low ionic strength (Km=0.085 microM and kcat=0.68 s(-1) at I approximately 0.04). An increase in ionic strength considerably reduces the rate of prothrombin activation, due to an increase of the Km (Km=0.8 microM and kcat=1.03 s(-1) at I approximately 0.2). Studies in plasmas from patients on oral anticoagulant therapy show that E. Multisquamatus venom only activates carboxylated prothrombin, whereas E. carinatus activates both prothrombin and descar...Continue Reading

References

Dec 1, 1992·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·J Rosing, G Tans
Oct 1, 1985·Analytical Biochemistry·P K SmithD C Klenk
Jan 1, 1972·Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology·A SchieckE Habermann

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Citations

Nov 17, 2001·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Han-Seung JooChung-Soon Chang
Dec 16, 1998·Thrombosis Research·J W Govers-RiemslagG Tans
Jan 26, 2007·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Adrijana LeonardiIgor Krizaj
Mar 31, 2015·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Rupamoni ThakurAshis K Mukherjee
Jul 25, 2014·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Azza M Abdel-Aty, Ahmed F Wahby
Sep 2, 2008·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Adrijana LeonardiIgor Krizaj
May 19, 2006·Pathophysiology of Haemostasis and Thrombosis·R Manjunatha Kini

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