Quantification of metabolites for assessing human exposure to soapberry toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine

Chemical Research in Toxicology
Samantha L IsenbergRudolph C Johnson

Abstract

Ingestion of soapberry fruit toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine has been linked to public health challenges worldwide. In 1976, over 100 years after Jamaican vomiting sickness (JVS) was first reported, the cause of JVS was linked to the ingestion of the toxin hypoglycin A produced by ackee fruit. A structural analogue of hypoglycin A, methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG), was implicated as the cause of an acute encephalitis syndrome (AES). Much of the evidence linking hypoglycin A and MCPG to these diseases has been largely circumstantial due to the lack of an analytical method for specific metabolites. This study presents an analytical approach to identify and quantify specific urine metabolites for exposure to hypoglycin A and MCPG. The metabolites are excreted in urine as glycine adducts methylenecyclopropylacetyl-glycine (MCPA-Gly) and methylenecyclopropylformyl-glycine (MCPF-Gly). These metabolites were processed by isotope dilution, separated by reverse-phase liquid chromatography, and monitored by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The analytical response ratio was linearly proportional to the concentration of MCPF-Gly and MCPA-Gly in urine from 0.10 to 20 μg/mL with a correlation coefficien...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 2, 2016·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Samantha L IsenbergRudolph C Johnson
Feb 6, 2019·PloS One·Mandy BochniaAnnette Zeyner
Jun 9, 2020·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Abhirup SarkarT Jacob John
Sep 23, 2019·Revue neurologique·V S PalmerP S Spencer
Jul 30, 2018·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Aimee A SanfordRudolph C Johnson
Jun 3, 2021·Toxins·Mandy BochniaAnnette Zeyner

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