Quantifying Ciliary Dynamics during Assembly Reveals Stepwise Waveform Maturation in Airway Cells

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
Alina OlteanSteven L Brody

Abstract

Motile cilia are essential for clearance of particulates and pathogens from airways. For effective transport, ciliary motor proteins and axonemal structures interact to generate the rhythmic, propulsive bending, but the mechanisms that produce a dynamic waveform remain incompletely understood. Biomechanical measures of human ciliary motion and their relationships to ciliary assembly are needed to illuminate the biophysics of normal ciliary function and to quantify dysfunction in ciliopathies. To these ends, we analyzed ciliary motion by high-speed video microscopy of ciliated cells sampled from human lung airways compared with primary culture cells that undergo ciliogenesis in vitro. Quantitative assessment of waveform parameters showed variations in waveform shape between individual cilia; however, general trends in waveform parameters emerged, associated with progression of cilia length and stage of differentiation. When cilia emerged from cultured cells, beat frequency was initially elevated, then fell and remained stable as cilia lengthened. In contrast, the average bending amplitude and the ability to generate force gradually increased and eventually approached values observed in ex vivo samples. Dynein arm motor proteins ...Continue Reading

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Sep 4, 2020·Scientific Reports·Ryosuke NakamuraKoichi Omori
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
fluorescence imaging

Software Mentioned

Systat
MATLAB
MathWorks
SigmaPlot
HSVM

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