Quantifying hummingbird preference for floral trait combinations: The role of selection on trait interactions in the evolution of pollination syndromes

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
Charles B FensterMichele R Dudash

Abstract

Darwin recognized the flower's importance for the study of adaptation and emphasized that the flower's functionality reflects the coordinated action of multiple traits. Here we use a multitrait manipulative approach to quantify the potential role of selection acting on floral trait combinations underlying the divergence and maintenance of three related North American species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae). We artificially generated 48 plant phenotypes corresponding to all combinations of key attractive traits differing among the three Silene species (color, height, inflorescence architecture, flower orientation, and corolla-tube width). We quantified main and interaction effects of trait manipulation on hummingbird visitation preference using experimental arrays. The main effects of floral display height and floral orientation strongly influenced hummingbird visitation, with hummingbirds preferring flowers held high above the ground and vertically to the sky. Hummingbirds also prefer traits in a nonadditive manner as multiple two-way and higher order interaction effects were important predictors of hummingbird visitation. Contemporary trait combinations found in hummingbird pollinated S. virginica are mostly preferred. Our study d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 21, 2015·Annals of Botany·Alyssa B Stewart, Michele R Dudash
May 6, 2016·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Brian C O'MearaPamela K Diggle
Jul 28, 2016·Annals of Botany·Samuel Prieto-BenítezLuis Giménez-Benavides
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Feb 9, 2017·Molecular Ecology·Violaine LlaurensMathieu Joron
May 26, 2017·The New Phytologist·Sarah L EmelRachel B Spigler
Jul 4, 2018·Ecology Letters·Catherine H Graham, Ben G Weinstein
Oct 29, 2018·The New Phytologist·Agnes S DellingerJürg Schönenberger
Nov 18, 2018·The New Phytologist·Maria Gabriela Gutierrez de CamargoLeonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato
Dec 19, 2018·Die Naturwissenschaften·Lucía Del Carmen Salas-ArcosJuan Francisco Ornelas
Apr 17, 2021·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Erik I SvenssonAnna Runemark
Jun 8, 2021·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Kazuharu OhashiJames D Thomson

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