Quantifying leukocytes in first catch urine provides new insights into our understanding of symptomatic and asymptomatic urethritis

International Journal of STD & AIDS
Rebecca WigginsPatrick J Horner

Abstract

We quantitatively investigated inflammatory cells in the male urethra. Leukocytes in the first catch urine (FCU) from 87 men with and without urethritis were quantitated using haemocytometer counts and stained with an anti-CD45 pan-leukocyte antibody. An increased number of leukocytes in FCU specimens was associated with urethritis (P > 0.002), the presence of discharge and/or dysuria (P < 0.001), and detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (P < 0.001) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (P < 0.001). In men with urethritis, higher leukocyte counts were also observed in the above groups (P = 0.07, 0.03 and P < 0.0001, respectively). As leukocyte number increased, the likelihood of detecting either pathogen increased. This study suggests that symptoms and signs are a surrogate marker for the degree of inflammation present, and that as urethral inflammation increases, the likelihood of detecting a sexually transmitted pathogen also increases. This would explain why men with asymptomatic urethritis are less likely to have a sexually transmitted infection detected than those with discharge and/or dysuria.

Citations

Apr 17, 2007·Sexually Transmitted Infections·M Shahmanesh, K W Radcliffe
Apr 17, 2007·Sexually Transmitted Infections·Paddy Horner
Aug 27, 2014·Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·Shin ItoTakashi Deguchi
Sep 21, 2013·International Journal of STD & AIDS·Y ShimadaT Deguchi
May 16, 2008·Biology of Reproduction·Kelly A Cunningham, Kenneth W Beagley
Feb 3, 2011·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Patrick Horner
Feb 15, 2013·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Catherine W GillespieMatthew R Golden
Aug 26, 2017·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Patrick J Horner, David H Martin

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