Quantitative assessment of nociceptive processes in conscious dogs by use of the nociceptive withdrawal reflex

American Journal of Veterinary Research
Alessandra BergadanoClaudia Spadavecchia

Abstract

To investigate the feasibility of evoking the nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR) from fore and hind limbs in conscious dogs, score stimulus-associated behavioral responses, and assess the canine NWR response to suprathreshold stimulations. 8 adult Beagles. Surface electromyograms evoked by transcutaneous electrical stimulation of ulnaris and digital plantar nerves were recorded from the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, biceps femoris, and tibialis cranialis muscles. Train-of-five pulses (stimulus(train)) were used; reflex threshold (I(t train)) was determined, and recruitment curves were obtained at 1.2, 1.5, and 2 x I(t train). Additionally, a single pulse (stimulus(single)) was given at 1, 1.2, 1.5, 2, and 3 x I(t train). Latency and amplitude of NWRs were analyzed. Severity of behavioral reactions was subjectively scored. Fore- and hind limb I(t train) values (median; 25% to 75% interquartile range) were 2.5 mA (2.0 to 3.6 mA) and 2.1 mA (1.7 to 2.9 mA), respectively. At I(t train), NWR latencies in the deltoideus, cleidobrachialis, biceps femoris, and cranial tibialis muscles were not significantly different (19.6 milliseconds [17.1 to 20.5 milliseconds], 19.5 milliseconds [18.1 to 20.7 milliseconds], 20.5 milliseconds [14.7 ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 3, 2007·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Alessandra BergadanoClaudia Spadavecchia
Jun 15, 2011·The Veterinary Journal·K O Veres-NyékiC Spadavecchia
Jun 24, 2010·Physiology & Behavior·Tomonari WatabikiTony L Yaksh
Mar 9, 2010·The Veterinary Journal·Korbinian PieperAlessandra Bergadano
Apr 29, 2009·Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia·Alessandra BergadanoClaudia Spadavecchia
May 20, 2008·European Journal of Pain : EJP·Hugo van OostromLudo J Hellebrekers
Nov 22, 2013·Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia·Gabrielle C MuskPolly M Taylor
Jun 4, 2013·The Veterinary Journal·K O Veres-NyékiC Spadavecchia
Feb 25, 2014·Physiology & Behavior·Helene RohrbachClaudia Spadavecchia
Jul 28, 2020·Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI·Joëlle SiegenthalerOlivier Louis Levionnois
Nov 12, 2018·Physiology & Behavior·D CasoniC Spadavecchia
Feb 3, 2020·Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia·Patricia Ruíz-LópezMaría Del Mar Granados
Sep 10, 2017·The Veterinary Journal·Derek AdrianB Duncan X Lascelles

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