Quantitative bloodstain analysis: differentiation of contact transfer patterns versus spatter patterns on fabric via microscopic inspection

Forensic Science International : Synergy
Yuen ChoWilliam D Ristenpart

Abstract

In crime scene reconstruction, it is often necessary to differentiate "contact transfer" and "spatter" bloodstain patterns found on clothing. Current methodologies, however, are qualitative and prone to context bias. In this work, we demonstrate that microscopic inspection of the stain orientations provides a quantitative differentiation of bloodstains resulting from spatter versus contact transfer. Specifically, common knitted fabrics are comprised of parallel rows of left loop legs, in an upward diagonal orientation (/), and right loop legs in a downward diagonal orientation (\). Our microscopic examination of more than 65,000 individual stained loop legs shows that spatter stains are approximately evenly distributed between left and right loop legs, but contact transfer stains are unevenly distributed: depending on the type of surface contacted, as many as 82% of the stains were preferentially located on the left loop legs. We further show that in these fabrics the left loop legs protrude further out than the right loop legs by approximately 50 μm, indicating that the observation of left loop legs preferentially stained over right loop legs is associated with the topography of the fabric. These findings suggest that microsco...Continue Reading

References

Feb 11, 1998·International Journal of Legal Medicine·B KargerB Brinkmann
Dec 4, 2001·Forensic Science International : Synergy·C WillisW F Rowe
Dec 8, 2005·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Walter F Rowe
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Citations

Aug 1, 2016·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Therese C de CastroWarwick Duncan
Nov 1, 2018·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Jiaying WuRuksana Baby
Sep 15, 2019·International Journal of Legal Medicine·David B RiversAndrew Schoeffield
Feb 12, 2017·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Sonya SiuWilliam Ristenpart
Mar 13, 2020·Journal of Medical Entomology·David B RiversAlexandra Carrigan
Mar 17, 2021·Journal of Forensic Sciences·Ruksana BabyJiaying Wu
Aug 22, 2021·American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics·Arun ShailendranBrett Kerr

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