Quantitative evaluation of macrophage aggregates in brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms
Adam R SchwindtMichael L Kent

Abstract

Macrophage aggregates (MAs) occur in various organs of fishes, especially the kidney, liver and spleen, and contain melanin, ceroid/lipofuscin and hemosiderin pigments. They have been used as indicators of a number of natural and anthropogenic stressors. Macrophage aggregates occur in salmonids but are poorly organized, irregularly shaped, and are generally smaller than those in derived teleosts. These features complicate quantification, and thus these fishes have seldom been used in studies correlating MAs with environmental stressors. To alleviate these complications, we developed color filtering algorithms for use with the software package ImagePro Plus (Media Cybernetics) that select and quantify pigmented area (i.e. colors ranging from gold to brown to black) in tissue sections. Image analysis results compared well with subjective scoring when tested on brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss captured from high-elevation lakes or hatcheries. Macrophage aggregate pigments correlated positively with age and negatively with condition factor. Within individual fish, pigmentation correlated positively among organs, suggesting that the kidney, liver or spleen are suitable indicator organs. In age-...Continue Reading

Citations

May 6, 2015·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Anne-Katrin MüllerHenner Hollert
Sep 7, 2016·Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry·Stephanie D GravesKelly R Munkittrick
Apr 30, 2017·Microscopy Research and Technique·Maja JordanovaDamir Kapetanović
May 28, 2019·Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology·Valeria MicaleDamiano Gustavo Mita
Oct 22, 2019·Journal of Aquatic Animal Health·Mark A MatschePatricia M Mazik

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