Quantitative microbial risk assessment of microbial source tracking markers in recreational water contaminated with fresh untreated and secondary treated sewage

Environment International
W AhmedV J Harwood

Abstract

Microbial source tracking (MST) methods have provided the means to identify sewage contamination in recreational waters, but the risk associated with elevated levels of MST targets such as sewage-associated Bacteroides HF183 and other markers is uncertain. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) modeling allows interpretation of MST data in the context of the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) illness caused by exposure to pathogens. In this study, five sewage-associated, quantitative PCR (qPCR) MST markers [Bacteroides HF183 (HF183), Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH (nifH), human adenovirus (HAdV), human polyomavirus (HPyV) and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV)] were evaluated to determine at what concentration these nucleic acid markers reflected a significant health risk from exposure to fresh untreated or secondary treated sewage in beach water. The QMRA models were evaluated for a target probability of illness of 36 GI illnesses/1000 swimming events (i.e., risk benchmark 0.036) for the reference pathogens norovirus (NoV) and human adenovirus 40/41 (HAdV 40/41). Sewage markers at several dilutions exceeded the risk benchmark for reference pathogens NoV and HAdV 40/41. HF183 concentrations 3.22 × 103 (for both NoV and HAdV 40...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 10, 2019·Water Environment Research : a Research Publication of the Water Environment Federation·B S Choudri, Yassine Charabi
Aug 26, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Lorena da Graça Pedrosa de MacenaMarize Pereira Miagostovich
Jun 17, 2020·Current Environmental Health Reports·David A Holcomb, Jill R Stewart
Jul 13, 2020·The Science of the Total Environment·Zi-Lin WeiMin Jin
Jan 20, 2019·Journal of Virological Methods·Ibrahim Ahmed Hamza, Kyle Bibby
Jun 15, 2019·The Science of the Total Environment·Jacob K SenkbeilValerie J Harwood
Jan 11, 2019·The Science of the Total Environment·Warish AhmedMohammad Katouli
Dec 5, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Baolei WuXiaochang C Wang

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