Quantitative Risk Assessment of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Associated with Consumption of Bulk Milk Sold Directly from Producer to Consumer in South Africa

Journal of Food Protection
Victor NtuliElna M Buys

Abstract

This study was conducted to estimate the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) risk associated with consumption of producer-distributor bulk milk (PDBM) contaminated with Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in South Africa. Data were obtained from recently completed studies in South Africa taking into account prior collected prevalence data of STEC in raw and pasteurized PDBM and survey information from producer-distributor outlets and households. Inputs for the models were complemented with data from published and unpublished literature. A probabilistic exposure model was developed with Monte Carlo simulation in Excel add-in software using @Risk software. Hazard characterization was based on an exponential dose-response model to calculate the probability of illness from STEC infection in individuals 5 years and younger and individuals older than 5 years. The estimated mean STEC level was 0.12 CFU/mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0 to 1.2; σ = 0.34) for raw PDBM and 0.08 CFU/mL (95% CI: 0 to 1; σ = 0.27) for pasteurized PDBM. A higher risk of HUS cases per year was recorded in raw than in pasteurized PDBM and also in individuals younger than 5 years of age. For every 100,000 servings consumed, the expected median numbers o...Continue Reading

References

Jul 6, 2000·Symposium Series· De Boer E, A E Heuvelink
Apr 6, 2002·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Maarten J Nauta
Oct 24, 2002·The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health·Philippa K Hudson, Heather J Hartwell
Apr 14, 2004·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Moez SanaaOlivier Cerf
Oct 27, 2004·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Roy M Robins-BrowneMargaret E Hellard
Nov 24, 2004·Journal of Food Protection·I M MarklinderR Lindqvist
Jun 21, 2008·Foodborne Pathogens and Disease·Justin DennyK Eckmann
Jul 3, 2008·Pediatric Nephrology : Journal of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association·Chantal LoiratVéronique Fremeaux-Bacchi
Jul 12, 2008·International Journal of Food Microbiology·M L Delignette-MullerUNKNOWN AFSSA STEC study group
Dec 5, 2008·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Jeffrey T Lejeune, Päivi J Rajala-Schultz
Feb 24, 2009·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Helen E CloughNigel P French
Mar 31, 2009·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Tom RossJohn Sumner
May 19, 2009·International Journal of Food Microbiology·M Signorini, H Tarabla
Aug 27, 2010·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Maarten Nauta, Bjarke Christensen
Aug 9, 2011·Journal of Food Protection·Alejandra A LatorreYnte H Schukken
Oct 4, 2011·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Laura-Dorina Dinu, Susan Bach
Aug 25, 2012·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Y Nguyen, Vanessa Sperandio
Sep 4, 2012·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Choreh FarrokhOlivier Cerf
Aug 27, 2014·Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis·Frédérique PerrinMoez Sanaa
Dec 23, 2014·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Elisabeth A MungaiL Hannah Gould
Feb 27, 2015·Journal of Water and Health·Matthew AijukaElna M Buys
Oct 7, 2015·Frontiers in Microbiology·Ryan G MercerLynn M McMullen
Jun 15, 2016·Journal of Food Protection·J C MarshallN P French

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.