PMID: 8599185Oct 1, 1995Paper

Quantity and quality of venom released by a spider (Cupiennius salei, Ctenidae)

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
J L BoevéW Nentwig

Abstract

The amount of venom injected by the spider Cupiennius salei depended on the efficiency of the mechanical defence of the prey species. Spiders were milked for the first venom (i.e. the first microlitre of venom emitted) versus remaining venom, and for venom regenerated from emptied glands. HPLC gel filtration and IEF electrophoresis showed that the protein content of the first venom was only half as compared to that of the remaining venom, and that this was due to a dilution of all proteins. Venom regeneration came in two speeds. The amount of venom was regenerated more rapidly than the protein concentration. Newly regenerated venom as compared to older venom was characterized by a lower concentration of all proteins and by a higher total concentration of free amino acids, whereas histamine and taurine did not follow this trend. K+ concentration and pH remained similar during venom regeneration. Crickets injected with the venoms showed less acute symptoms when the protein concentration was lower, namely with the first venom and with newly regenerated venom. Consequently, a spider which modulates the quantity of venom injected into a prey also directly changes the venom quality. The ecological consequences of this are discussed. ...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1990·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·M CavalieriA Grasso
Jan 1, 1989·Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology·M E AdamsV J Venema
Jan 1, 1989·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·T Friedel, W Nentwig
Mar 1, 1994·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·L Kuhn-NentwigW Nentwig

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Citations

Apr 7, 2004·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Lucia Kuhn-NentwigWolfgang Nentwig
Aug 15, 2002·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Esther WiggerWolfgang Nentwig
Dec 5, 1998·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·H MalliL Kuhn-Nentwig
Feb 9, 2000·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Z Vapenik, W Nentwig
Jul 24, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Benno WullschlegerWolfgang Nentwig
Mar 10, 2010·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·A A VassilevskiE V Grishin
Mar 26, 2014·Nature Communications·Sébastien DutertreRichard J Lewis
Dec 3, 2014·Zoology : Analysis of Complex Systems, ZACS·Allen M CooperWilliam K Hayes
Jul 6, 2010·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·E A B UndheimB G Fry
Aug 13, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Margaret C GentzGlenn F King
Feb 29, 2008·Behavioural Processes·Aldo De la MoraJean-Paul Lachaud
Feb 5, 2008·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Luciana Maria SilvaPaulo Filemon Paolucci Pimenta
Mar 9, 2007·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Zia NisaniWilliam K Hayes
Apr 22, 2006·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Philippe FavreauReto Stöcklin
Feb 20, 2014·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Allen M CooperWilliam K Hayes
Dec 26, 2012·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·David Morgenstern, Glenn F King
Mar 10, 2015·Behavioural Processes·Zia Nisani, William K Hayes
May 9, 2012·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Zia NisaniWilliam K Hayes
Feb 19, 2011·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·David MorgensternEliahu Zlotkin
Oct 5, 2017·PloS One·Thomas McElroyEric A Albrecht
Jan 17, 2002·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Lucia Kuhn-NentwigWolfgang Nentwig
Apr 13, 2021·Ecology and Evolution·Linda Hernández DuranTasmin Lee Rymer
Jun 10, 2021·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Yige PiaoQin Chen
Sep 8, 2010·Journal of Proteome Research·Helena Safavi-HemamiAnthony W Purcell
Jul 16, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Pedro Santana Sales LauriaLuciana Lyra Casais-E-Silva

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