Quantum Hall resistance standard in graphene devices under relaxed experimental conditions

Nature Nanotechnology
R Ribeiro-PalauF Schopfer

Abstract

The quantum Hall effect provides a universal standard for electrical resistance that is theoretically based on only the Planck constant h and the electron charge e. Currently, this standard is implemented in GaAs/AlGaAs, but graphene's electronic properties have given hope for a more practical device. Here, we demonstrate that the experimental conditions necessary for the operation of devices made of high-quality graphene grown by chemical vapour deposition on silicon carbide can be extended and significantly relaxed compared with those for state-of-the-art GaAs/AlGaAs devices. In particular, the Hall resistance can be accurately quantized to within 1 × 10(-9) over a 10 T wide range of magnetic flux density, down to 3.5 T, at a temperature of up to 10 K or with a current of up to 0.5 mA. This experimental simplification highlights the great potential of graphene in the development of user-friendly and versatile quantum standards that are compatible with broader industrial uses beyond those in national metrology institutes. Furthermore, the measured agreement of the quantized Hall resistance in graphene and GaAs/AlGaAs, with an ultimate uncertainty of 8.2 × 10(-11), supports the universality of the quantum Hall effect. This also...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 7, 2016·Scientific Reports·F D ParmentierP Roulleau
Aug 25, 2020·Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics·Chieh-I LiuAlbert F Rigosi
Jan 1, 2018·Metrologia·Mattias Kruskopf, Randolph E Elmquist
Oct 28, 2017·Physical Review Letters·Z R KudrynskyiA Patanè
Oct 13, 2018·Physical Review Letters·W YangB Plaçais
Jan 1, 2019·Semiconductor Science and Technology·Albert F Rigosi, Randolph E Elmquist
Aug 31, 2020·Light, Science & Applications·Omar JamadiAlberto Amo
Jan 1, 2019·Metrologia·Mattias KruskopfRandolph E Elmquist
Jan 1, 2018·Physical Review. B·Jiuning HuDavid B Newell
Aug 28, 2019·Materials·Chiashain ChuangRandolph E Elmquist
Dec 30, 2020·Nanotechnology·Chih-Yuan WangChi-Te Liang
Apr 15, 2021·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·David CollombSimon Bending
Aug 20, 2021·Light, Science & Applications·Omar JamadiAlberto Amo

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