PMID: 8949855Jul 1, 1995Paper

Race and gender as TMD risk factors in children

Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice
S E WidmalmS M Gunn

Abstract

The aim of this study was to record the prevalence in preschool children of oral/facial pain symptoms of clinical interest in the diagnoses of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and to analyze the association with the race and gender factors. Children, 525 4-6 year olds, mean age 5.1 +/- 0.65 (SD), 326 Caucasian and 199 African American, from a preschool and kindergarten program in a low income industrial area, who participated in a voluntary oral health examination, were examined. Comparisons were made using Chi-Square test. An alpha-level of 5% was chosen, and the effect of making multiple comparisons was compensated for by Bonferroni correction. No gender differences were found, but racial differences were observed regarding six of the 10 variables. Twenty-five percent of the children had recurrent (at least one to two times per week) headache. Thirteen percent had recurrent earache, African-American children more often than Caucasian children (p approximately 0.0038). Thirteen percent had recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, and 11% had recurrent neck pain. Pain or tiredness in the jaws during chewing was reported by 29% of the children, more often by African-American than by Caucasian (p < 0.00001). Pain at jaw ope...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1991·Cephalalgia : an International Journal of Headache·M SillanpääP Kero
Apr 1, 1987·Acta Odontologica Scandinavica·M KönönenL Peck
Jul 1, 1969·The Journal of the American Dental Association·H J Blackwood
Jan 1, 1981·European Journal of Orthodontics·I Egermark-ErikssonB Ingervall
Jan 1, 1982·Acta paediatrica Scandinavica·I Egermark-Eriksson

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Citations

Sep 10, 2003·Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie : MKG·S JankH Strobl
Aug 9, 2011·Pediatric Emergency Care·Amy L DrendelSamina Ali
Jul 31, 2020·Cranio : the Journal of Craniomandibular Practice·Adriana A De StefanoGabriella Galluccio

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