Racial association and pharmacotherapy in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
Abhinav ParikhDina El-Metwally

Abstract

To determine if racial differences are associated with Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS) severity. A 10-year (2008-2017) retrospective cohort of infants ≥35 weeks gestation with prenatal exposure to opioids was included. The primary measure was the need for pharmacotherapy. Multivariable logistic regression and propensity score analysis were performed. Among 345 infants with NOWS, 111 (32%) were black infants with 70% of them requiring pharmacotherapy as compared with 84% of white infants. Upon adjusting for significant covariates (methadone, benzodiazepine use, and gestational age), black infants were 57% less likely than whites to require pharmacotherapy (Odds ratio: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.22-0.80, p = 0.009). Similar results were observed with propensity score analysis. Significant racial disparity observed may be secondary to genetic variations in opioid pharmacogenomics and/or extrinsic factors. Large-scale studies are warranted to include race in predictive models for early pharmacological intervention.

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Citations

Feb 23, 2020·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·Abhinav G ParikhDina El-Metwally
Feb 23, 2020·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·Matthew R GrossmanRachel R Osborn
Nov 21, 2020·Pediatric Research·Massroor PourcyrousRamasubbareddy Dhanireddy
Feb 21, 2021·Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association·Rachana SinghUNKNOWN for PNQIN Collaborative of Massachusetts
Jul 8, 2021·Hospital Pediatrics·Rebecca R S ClarkEileen T Lake
Oct 5, 2021·JAMA Pediatrics·Rebecca R S Clark, Rachel French
Oct 16, 2021·Hospital Pediatrics·Meghan L FantaAndrew F Beck
Oct 16, 2021·Hospital Pediatrics·Blair W WeikelSunah S Hwang
Feb 27, 2021·Pediatrics·Stephanie L MerharUNKNOWN EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT NEONATAL RESEARCH NETWORK AND THE NIH ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES ON CHILD HEALTH OUTCOMES (ECHO) PROGRAM INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT AWARDS STATES PEDIATRIC CLINICAL TRIALS NETWORK

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
pharmacotherapy

Software Mentioned

R
RStudio interface

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