Racial/Gender Biases in Student Clinical Decision-Making: a Mixed-Method Study of Medical School Attributes Associated with Lower Incidence of Biases

Journal of General Internal Medicine
Robert L WilliamsAndrew L Sussman

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that clinician racial/gender decision-making biases in some instances contribute to health disparities. Previous work has produced evidence of such biases in medical students. To identify contextual attributes in medical schools associated on average with low levels of racial/gender clinical decision-making biases. A mixed-method design using comparison case studies of 15 medical schools selected based on results of a previous survey of student decision-making bias: 7 schools whose students collectively had, and 8 schools whose students had not shown evidence of such biases. Purposively sampled faculty, staff, underrepresented minority medical students, and clinical-level medical students at each school. Quantitative descriptive data and qualitative interview and focus group data assessing 32 school attributes theorized in the literature to be associated with formation of decision-making and biases. We used a mixed-method analytic design with standard qualitative analysis and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis. Across the 15 schools, a total of 104 faculty, administrators and staff and 21 students participated in individual interviews, and 196 students participated in 29 focus groups. Whil...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 6, 2020·Journal of Sex Research·Verena KleinDaniel Turner
Apr 18, 2019·Journal of General Internal Medicine·Cristina M GonzalezMelissa D McKee
Oct 12, 2018·Journal of General Internal Medicine·Cristina M Gonzalez, Monica L Lypson
Sep 6, 2020·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Cristina M GonzalezPaul R Marantz
Feb 9, 2021·Medical Teacher·Cristina M GonzalezJaveed Sukhera
Feb 28, 2021·Academic Medicine : Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·Cirila Estela Vasquez GuzmanRobert L Williams

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