Racialized risk environments in a large sample of people who inject drugs in the United States

The International Journal on Drug Policy
Hannah L CooperNational HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study Group

Abstract

Substantial racial/ethnic disparities exist in HIV infection among people who inject drugs (PWID) in many countries. To strengthen efforts to understand the causes of disparities in HIV-related outcomes and eliminate them, we expand the "Risk Environment Model" to encompass the construct "racialized risk environments," and investigate whether PWID risk environments in the United States are racialized. Specifically, we investigate whether black and Latino PWID are more likely than white PWID to live in places that create vulnerability to adverse HIV-related outcomes. As part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 9170 PWID were sampled from 19 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in 2009. Self-reported data were used to ascertain PWID race/ethnicity. Using Census data and other administrative sources, we characterized features of PWID risk environments at four geographic scales (i.e., ZIP codes, counties, MSAs, and states). Means for each feature of the risk environment were computed for each racial/ethnic group of PWID, and were compared across racial/ethnic groups. Almost universally across measures, black PWID were more likely than white PWID to live in environments associat...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 21, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Jeremy MennisMichael J Mason
Aug 24, 2016·American Journal of Public Health·Hannah L F CooperColleen M McBride
Apr 2, 2016·PloS One·Shoshana Y KahanaUNKNOWN Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions
May 19, 2017·American Journal of Public Health·Don C Des JarlaisAimee Campbell
Aug 18, 2016·BMC Public Health·Paula M FrewUNKNOWN HIV Prevention Trials Network 064 (HTPN) Study Team
Jan 15, 2020·Journal of Urban Health : Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine·Sabriya L LintonGabriela Paz-Bailey
Sep 9, 2020·Culture, Health & Sexuality·Jennifer LavalleyJade Boyd
Apr 23, 2021·The International Journal on Drug Policy·Janna AtaiantsStephen E Lankenau
Apr 29, 2021·Current HIV/AIDS Reports·Katie B BielloAngela R Bazzi
Jun 11, 2021·American Journal of Public Health·Leo BeletskyAyana Jordan
Sep 5, 2021·AIDS and Behavior·Bridgette M BrawnerLisa Bowleg

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