Radioactive rock phosphate: the feed stock of phosphate fertilizers used in Pakistan

Health Physics
M TufailM Waqas

Abstract

The existence of natural radioactivity in phosphate fertilizers originates from the rock phosphate that is used as a feed stock for the manufacturing of various types of phosphate fertilizers. Gamma ray activity mass concentrations have been determined in phosphate rock and fertilizer samples collected from different fertilizer manufacturing factories and suppliers in Pakistan. The technique of gamma ray spectrometry was applied using a HPGe (high purity germanium) gamma ray detector coupled with a personal computer (PC) based multichannel analyzer (MCA). The specific activity values of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th were widely distributed in the rock and fertilizer samples. Activity mass concentrations of 238U (226Ra) in the rock phosphate from Jordan and Pakistan were 428 +/- 11 and 799 +/- 10 Bq kg(-1), respectively, and that in the triple-superphosphate fertilizer was 701 +/- 21 (-1), which was greater than the average values of 238U (226Ra) for other types of fertilizers under study. The concentrations of 40K and 232Th were of the order of background level on the Earth's crust. Chemical analysis for concentration of different constituents in rock phosphate was also carried out. The higher the concentrations of P2O5 and K2O were, t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 6, 2011·Environmental Monitoring and Assessment·Muhammad AliHameed Ahmed Khan
Apr 3, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International· Nasim-AkhtarM Tufail
May 1, 2013·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·Aziz Ahmed QureshiHameed Ahmed Khan
Sep 12, 2012·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Mark C OkejiFelicitas U Idigo
Sep 29, 2009·Journal of Environmental Radioactivity·M Abo-ElmagdN M El-Masry
Nov 28, 2013·Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies·Muneer Aziz SalehAbubakar Sadiq Aliyu
Feb 13, 2008·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·M TufailTehsin Hamid
Feb 15, 2019·Reviews on Environmental Health·Wazir MuhammadMatiullah Khan
Dec 23, 2006·Radiation Protection Dosimetry· Nasim-Akhtar, M Tufail
Aug 21, 2008·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·M AsgharM Waqas
Feb 26, 2016·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·Wedad Ali AbdurabuShadi Fadhl
Nov 26, 2008·Journal of Radiological Protection : Official Journal of the Society for Radiological Protection·Said Rahman Matiullah
Mar 20, 2013·Radiation Protection Dosimetry·R C TripathiV Vijayan
Dec 1, 2018·Health Physics·Hannan YounisMuhammad Anees

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