Radiologic approach to the diagnosis of infectious pulmonary diseases in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus

European Journal of Radiology
Eva CastañerLola Esteba

Abstract

Nearly all patients infected with HIV experience respiratory infection at some point in the course of their illness. The spectrum of infections is varied and in order to generate a useful differential diagnosis based on imaging findings it is imperative for the radiologist to be aware of changing trends in disease prevalence and epidemiology, and the possible pathology related to new therapies. The characterization of the radiographic pattern in correlation with clinical findings and laboratory values (in particular the degree of immunosuppression as reflected in the CD4 level) would be helpful in narrowing the differential diagnosis of infectious pulmonary disease in HIV-positive patients. The most common radiologic patterns considered include areas of ground-glass, consolidation, nodules, and lymphadenopathy. We also include airways diseases and cavitary/cystic lesions because their prevalence has increased over recent years, and we also mention the significance of a normal chest radiograph in the suspicion of a lung infection. In most cases, the clinical and radiographic findings are sufficient for confident diagnosis. The radiologic diagnosis of thoracic infections in patients with AIDS has improved with the use of CT. The ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 12, 2009·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Marcelo CortiKumiko Eiguchi
Nov 1, 2008·Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics·Sat Sharma
Mar 6, 2012·Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR·Darel E HeitkampRakesh D Shah
Aug 20, 2015·The Indian Journal of Radiology & Imaging·Ashu Seith BhallaArun Kumar Gupta
Jun 4, 2008·Journal of Thoracic Imaging·Fernando Palma da Silva FilhoTaisa Davaus Gasparetto
Aug 27, 2011·Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases·Thorolfur GudnasonKarl G Kristinsson
Jul 23, 2013·PloS One·Rodrigo T AmancioFernando A Bozza
Jan 25, 2018·Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicaça̋o oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia·Irai Luis GiacomelliBruno Hochhegger
Jan 7, 2017·Der Radiologe·O SolyanikJ Dinkel
May 24, 2018·Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicaça̋o oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia·Irai Luis GiacomelliBruno Hochhegger

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