PMID: 8995466Nov 1, 1996Paper

Radiological findings in biliary fistula and gallstone ileus

Acta Radiologica
H OikarinenA Saarela

Abstract

Biliary fistula and gallstone ileus are rarely found. The diagnosis is difficult and may be delayed until operation. We reviewed the radiological findings in a retrospective material. The cases of 16 patients treated for biliary fistula were analyzed with respect to findings at imaging. Ten patients had a spontaneous fistula. Nine of them had an internal bilioduodenal fistula and one had an external fistula with stones passing through a subcutaneous abscess. Five patients also had gallstone ileus and one patient a rare gastric outlet obstruction caused by a gallstone (Bouveret's syndrome). Six patients had an iatrogenic fistula. One of them had internal bile ascites and 5 an external fistula, one of which was a biliocystic fistula resulting from attempted hepatic cyst sclerotherapy. Various imaging modalities were used and there was often a delay in the diagnosis. Imaging did not show the fistula itself in any of the spontaneous cases. However, a nonvisualized or shrunken gallbladder seen at US often coexisted in these cases. CT yielded the diagnosis in one case of gallstone ileus, and a Gastrografin meal yielded it in the case of Bouveret's syndrome. Fistulography and cholangiography provided a correct diagnosis of fistula in ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 30, 2008·Journal of Digestive Diseases·Girivasan MuthukumarasamyRajan Ravindran
Dec 17, 2016·Analytical Chemistry·Malcolm D McLeodÓscar J Pozo
Jul 24, 2002·The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health·A Z KhanK K Singh
Sep 9, 2020·Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology·John OngYasseen Al-Naeeb

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