Raffinose Induces Biofilm Formation by Streptococcus mutans in Low Concentrations of Sucrose by Increasing Production of Extracellular DNA and Fructan

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Ryo NagasawaHidenobu Senpuku

Abstract

Streptococcus mutans is the primary etiological agent of dental caries and causes tooth decay by forming a firmly attached biofilm on tooth surfaces. Biofilm formation is induced by the presence of sucrose, which is a substrate for the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides but not in the presence of oligosaccharides. Nonetheless, in this study, we found that raffinose, which is an oligosaccharide with an intestinal regulatory function and antiallergic effect, induced biofilm formation by S. mutans in a mixed culture with sucrose, which was at concentrations less than those required to induce biofilm formation directly. We analyzed the possible mechanism behind the small requirement for sucrose for biofilm formation in the presence of raffinose. Our results suggested that sucrose contributed to an increase in bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation. Next, we examined how the effects of raffinose interacted with the effects of sucrose for biofilm formation. We showed that the presence of raffinose induced fructan synthesis by fructosyltransferase and aggregated extracellular DNA (eDNA, which is probably genomic DNA released from dead cells) into the biofilm. eDNA seemed to be important for biofilm formati...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 21, 2018·PloS One·Tatiana Ramirez-MoraGrettel Valle-Bourrouet
Aug 29, 2017·Molecular Oral Microbiology·Hidenobu SenpukuNaoki Narisawa
Sep 20, 2017·Plant, Cell & Environment·Maxime VersluysWim Van den Ende
Aug 31, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Hidenobu SenpukuMakoto Ohnishi
Jan 17, 2019·MBio·Vikrant MinhasClaudia Trappetti
Mar 20, 2021·Nature Microbiology·Caroline A WerlangKatharina Ribbeck

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