Randomized clinical trial of propofol versus ketamine for procedural sedation in the emergency department

Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
James R MinerJohn W McGill

Abstract

The objective was to compare the occurrence of respiratory depression, adverse events, and recovery duration of propofol versus ketamine for use in procedural sedation in the emergency department (ED). This was a randomized nonblinded prospective clinical trial of adult patients undergoing procedural sedation for painful procedures in the ED. Patients with pain before the procedure were treated with intravenous (IV) morphine sulfate until their pain was adequately treated at least 20 minutes before starting the procedure. Patients were randomized to receive either propofol 1 mg/kg IV followed by 0.5 mg/kg every 3 minutes as needed or ketamine 1.0 mg/kg IV followed by 0.5 mg/kg every 3 minutes as needed. Doses, vital signs, nasal end-tidal CO(2) (ETCO(2)), and pulse oximetry were recorded. Subclinical respiratory depression was defined as a change in ETCO(2) of >10 mm Hg, an oxygen saturation of <92% at any time, or an absent ETCO(2) waveform at any time. Clinical interventions related to respiratory depression were noted during the procedure, including the addition of or increase in the flow rate of supplemental oxygen, the use of a bag-valve mask apparatus, airway repositioning, or stimulation to induce breathing. After the pr...Continue Reading

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